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    Inline Markup
    Escaping with Backslashes
    Section Structure
    Paragraphs
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    Enumerated Lists
    Definition Lists
    Field Lists
    Option Lists
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<article class="post-text storypage" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><header><h2 class="p-name entry-title blog-post-title" itemprop="headline name"><a href="#" class="u-url">A reStructuredText Reference</a></h2>

        
    </header><div class="e-content entry-content" itemprop="articleBody text">
    <div class="alert alert-primary float-md-right" style="margin-left: 2em;">
    <h3><a name="contents">Contents</a></h3>

    <ul>
<li><a href="quickref.html#inline-markup">Inline Markup</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#escaping">Escaping with Backslashes</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#section-structure">Section Structure</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#paragraphs">Paragraphs</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#bullet-lists">Bullet Lists</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#enumerated-lists">Enumerated Lists</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#definition-lists">Definition Lists</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#field-lists">Field Lists</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#option-lists">Option Lists</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#literal-blocks">Literal Blocks</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#line-blocks">Line Blocks</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#block-quotes">Block Quotes</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#doctest-blocks">Doctest Blocks</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#tables">Tables</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#transitions">Transitions</a></li>
    <li>
<a href="quickref.html#explicit-markup">Explicit Markup</a>
    <ul>
<li><a href="quickref.html#footnotes">Footnotes</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#citations">Citations</a></li>
    <li>
<a href="quickref.html#hyperlink-targets">Hyperlink Targets</a>
    <ul>
<li><a href="quickref.html#external-hyperlink-targets">External Hyperlink Targets</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#internal-hyperlink-targets">Internal Hyperlink Targets</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#indirect-hyperlink-targets">Indirect Hyperlink Targets</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#implicit-hyperlink-targets">Implicit Hyperlink Targets</a></li>
    </ul>
</li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#directives">Directives</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#substitution-references-and-definitions">Substitution References and Definitions</a></li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#comments">Comments</a></li>
    </ul>
</li>
    <li><a href="quickref.html#getting-help">Getting Help</a></li>
    </ul>
</div>


    <h2>Quick <i>re</i><font size="+4"><tt>Structured</tt></font><i>Text</i>
</h2>

    <!-- Caveat: if you're reading the HTML for the examples, -->
    <!-- beware that it was hand-generated, not by Docutils/ReST.  -->

    <blockquote>
    <p>Copyright: This document has been placed in the public domain.
    </p>
</blockquote>


    <p>The full details of the markup may be found on the
    <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/rst.html">reStructuredText</a>
    page. This document is just intended as a reminder.

    </p>
<p>Links that look like "(<a href="quickref.html#details">details</a>)" point
    into the HTML version of the full <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html">reStructuredText
    specification</a> document.  These are relative links; if they
    don't work, please use the <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/user/rst/quickref.html">master "Quick reStructuredText"</a> document.


    </p>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="inline-markup" class="backref">Inline Markup</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#inline-markup">details</a>)

    </p>
<p>Inline markup allows words and phrases within text to have
    character styles (like italics and boldface) and functionality
    (like hyperlinks).

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th>Plain text
    </th>
<th>Typical result
    </th>
<th>Notes
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>*emphasis*</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<em>emphasis</em>
    </td>
<td>Normally rendered as italics.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>**strong emphasis**</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<strong>strong emphasis</strong>
    </td>
<td>Normally rendered as boldface.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>`interpreted text`</samp>
    </td>
<td>(see note at right)
    </td>
<td>The rendering and <em>meaning</em> of interpreted text is
    domain- or application-dependent.  It can be used for things
    like index entries or explicit descriptive markup (like program
    identifiers).

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>``inline literal``</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<code>inline literal</code>
    </td>
<td>Normally rendered as monospaced text. Spaces should be
    preserved, but line breaks will not be.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>reference_</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<a href="quickref.html#hyperlink-targets">reference</a>
    </td>
<td>A simple, one-word hyperlink reference.  See <a href="quickref.html#hyperlink-targets">Hyperlink Targets</a>.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>`phrase reference`_</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<a href="quickref.html#hyperlink-targets">phrase reference</a>
    </td>
<td>A hyperlink reference with spaces or punctuation needs to be
    quoted with backquotes.  See <a href="quickref.html#hyperlink-targets">Hyperlink Targets</a>.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>anonymous__</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<a href="quickref.html#hyperlink-targets">anonymous</a>
    </td>
<td>With two underscores instead of one, both simple and phrase
    references may be anonymous (the reference text is not repeated
    at the target).  See <a href="quickref.html#hyperlink-targets">Hyperlink Targets</a>.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>_`inline internal target`</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<a name="inline-internal-target">inline internal target</a>
    </td>
<td>A crossreference target within text.
    See <a href="quickref.html#hyperlink-targets">Hyperlink Targets</a>.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>|substitution reference|</samp>
    </td>
<td>(see note at right)
    </td>
<td>The result is substituted in from the <a href="quickref.html#substitution-references-and-definitions">substitution
    definition</a>.  It could be text, an image, a hyperlink, or a
    combination of these and others.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>footnote reference [1]_</samp>
    </td>
<td>footnote reference <sup><a href="quickref.html#footnotes">1</a></sup>
</td>
<td>See <a href="quickref.html#footnotes">Footnotes</a>.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>citation reference [CIT2002]_</samp>
    </td>
<td>citation reference <a href="quickref.html#citations">[CIT2002]</a>
    </td>
<td>See <a href="quickref.html#citations">Citations</a>.

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td nowrap>
<samp>https://docutils.sourceforge.io/</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/">https://docutils.sourceforge.io/</a>
    </td>
<td>A standalone hyperlink.

    </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Asterisk, backquote, vertical bar, and underscore are inline
    delimiter characters. Asterisk, backquote, and vertical bar act
    like quote marks; matching characters surround the marked-up word
    or phrase, whitespace or other quoting is required outside them,
    and there can't be whitespace just inside them. If you want to use
    inline delimiter characters literally, <a href="quickref.html#escaping">escape
    (with backslash)</a> or quote them (with double backquotes; i.e.
    use inline literals).

    </p>
<p>In detail, the reStructuredText specification says that in
    inline markup, the following rules apply to start-strings and
    end-strings (inline markup delimiters):

    </p>
<ol>
<li>The start-string must start a text block or be
    immediately preceded by whitespace or any of 
    <samp>' " ( [ {</samp> or <samp>&lt;</samp>.
    </li>
<li>The start-string must be immediately followed by non-whitespace.
    </li>
<li>The end-string must be immediately preceded by non-whitespace.
    </li>
<li>The end-string must end a text block (end of document or
    followed by a blank line) or be immediately followed by whitespace
    or any of <samp>' " . , : ; ! ? - ) ] } / \</samp>
    or <samp>&gt;</samp>.
    </li>
<li>If a start-string is immediately preceded by one of 
    <samp>' " ( [ {</samp> or <samp>&lt;</samp>, it must not be
    immediately followed by the corresponding character from 
    <samp>' " ) ] }</samp> or <samp>&gt;</samp>.
    </li>
<li>An end-string must be separated by at least one
    character from the start-string.
    </li>
<li>An <a href="quickref.html#escaping">unescaped</a> backslash preceding a
    start-string or end-string will disable markup recognition, except
    for the end-string of inline literals.
    </li>
</ol>
<p>Also remember that inline markup may not be nested (well,
    except that inline literals can contain any of the other inline
    markup delimiter characters, but that doesn't count because
    nothing is processed).

    </p>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="escaping" class="backref">Escaping with Backslashes</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#escaping-mechanism">details</a>)

    </p>
<p>reStructuredText uses backslashes ("\") to override the special
    meaning given to markup characters and get the literal characters
    themselves. To get a literal backslash, use an escaped backslash
    ("\\"). For example:

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Raw reStructuredText
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>*escape* ``with`` "\"</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<em>escape</em> <samp>with</samp> ""
    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>\*escape* \``with`` "\\"</samp>
    </td>
<td>*escape* ``with`` "\"
    </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In Python strings it will, of course, be necessary
    to escape any backslash characters so that they actually
    <em>reach</em> reStructuredText.
    The simplest way to do this is to use raw strings:

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Python string
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>r"""\*escape* \`with` "\\""""</samp>
    </td>
<td>*escape* `with` "\"
    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp> """\\*escape* \\`with` "\\\\""""</samp>
    </td>
<td>*escape* `with` "\"
    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp> """\*escape* \`with` "\\""""</samp>
    </td>
<td>
<em>escape</em> with ""
    </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="section-structure" class="backref">Section Structure</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#sections">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>=====</samp>
<br><samp>Title</samp>
<br><samp>=====</samp>
<br><samp>Subtitle</samp>
<br><samp>--------</samp>
<br><samp>Titles are underlined (or over-</samp>
<br><samp>and underlined) with a printing</samp>
<br><samp>nonalphanumeric 7-bit ASCII</samp>
<br><samp>character. Recommended choices</samp>
<br><samp>are "``= - ` : ' " ~ ^ _ * + # &lt; &gt;``".</samp>
<br><samp>The underline/overline must be at</samp>
<br><samp>least as long as the title text.</samp>
<br><samp></samp>
<br><samp>A lone top-level (sub)section</samp>
<br><samp>is lifted up to be the document's</samp>
<br><samp>(sub)title.</samp>

    </td>
<td>
        <font size="+2"><strong>Title</strong></font>
        <p><font size="+1"><strong>Subtitle</strong></font>
        </p>
<p>Titles are underlined (or over-
        and underlined) with a printing
        nonalphanumeric 7-bit ASCII
        character. Recommended choices
        are "<samp>= - ` : ' " ~ ^ _ * + # &lt; &gt;</samp>".
        The underline/overline must be at
        least as long as the title text.
        </p>
<p>A lone top-level (sub)section is
        lifted up to be the document's
        (sub)title.
    </p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="paragraphs" class="backref">Paragraphs</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#paragraphs">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<p><samp>This is a paragraph.</samp>

</p>
<p><samp>Paragraphs line up at their left</samp>
<br><samp>edges, and are normally separated</samp>
<br><samp>by blank lines.</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        <p>This is a paragraph.

        </p>
<p>Paragraphs line up at their left edges, and are normally
        separated by blank lines.

    </p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="bullet-lists" class="backref">Bullet Lists</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#bullet-lists">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>Bullet lists:</samp>

<p><samp>- This is item 1</samp>
<br><samp>- This is item 2</samp>

</p>
<p><samp>- Bullets are "-", "*" or "+".</samp>
<br><samp>  Continuing text must be aligned</samp>
<br><samp>  after the bullet and whitespace.</samp>

</p>
<p><samp>Note that a blank line is required</samp>
<br><samp>before the first item and after the</samp>
<br><samp>last, but is optional between items.</samp>
    </p>
</td>
<td>Bullet lists:
        <ul>
<li>This is item 1
        </li>
<li>This is item 2
        </li>
<li>Bullets are "-", "*" or "+".
        Continuing text must be aligned
        after the bullet and whitespace.
        </li>
</ul>
<p>Note that a blank line is required before the first
        item and after the last, but is optional between items.
    </p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="enumerated-lists" class="backref">Enumerated Lists</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#enumerated-lists">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>Enumerated lists:</samp>

<p><samp>3. This is the first item</samp>
<br><samp>4. This is the second item</samp>
<br><samp>5. Enumerators are arabic numbers,</samp>
<br><samp>   single letters, or roman numerals</samp>
<br><samp>6. List items should be sequentially</samp>
<br><samp>   numbered, but need not start at 1</samp>
<br><samp>   (although not all formatters will</samp>
<br><samp>   honour the first index).</samp>
<br><samp>#. This item is auto-enumerated</samp>
    </p>
</td>
<td>Enumerated lists:
        <ol type="1">
<li value="3">This is the first item
        </li>
<li>This is the second item
        </li>
<li>Enumerators are arabic numbers, single letters,
        or roman numerals
        </li>
<li>List items should be sequentially numbered,
        but need not start at 1 (although not all
        formatters will honour the first index).
        </li>
<li>This item is auto-enumerated
        </li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="definition-lists" class="backref">Definition Lists</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#definition-lists">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>Definition lists:</samp>
<br><br><samp>what</samp>
<br><samp>  Definition lists associate a term with</samp>
<br><samp>  a definition.</samp>
<br><br><samp>how</samp>
<br><samp>  The term is a one-line phrase, and the</samp>
<br><samp>  definition is one or more paragraphs or</samp>
<br><samp>  body elements, indented relative to the</samp>
<br><samp>  term. Blank lines are not allowed</samp>
<br><samp>  between term and definition.</samp>
    </td>
<td>Definition lists:
        <dl>
<dt>
<strong>what</strong>
        </dt>
<dd>Definition lists associate a term with
        a definition.

        </dd>
<dt>
<strong>how</strong>
        </dt>
<dd>The term is a one-line phrase, and the
        definition is one or more paragraphs or
        body elements, indented relative to the
        term.  Blank lines are not allowed
        between term and definition.
        </dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="field-lists" class="backref">Field Lists</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#field-lists">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>:Authors:</samp>
<br><samp>    Tony J. (Tibs) Ibbs,</samp>
<br><samp>    David Goodger</samp>

<p><samp>    (and sundry other good-natured folks)</samp>

</p>
<p><samp>:Version: 1.0 of 2001/08/08</samp>
<br><samp>:Dedication: To my father.</samp>
    </p>
</td>
<td>
        <table class="table">
<tr valign="top">
<td>
<strong>Authors:</strong>
        </td>
<td>Tony J. (Tibs) Ibbs,
        David Goodger
        </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>(and sundry other good-natured folks)
        </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Version:</strong></td>
<td>1.0 of 2001/08/08
        </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Dedication:</strong></td>
<td>To my father.
        </td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>Field lists are used as part of an extension syntax, such as
    options for <a href="quickref.html#directives">directives</a>, or database-like
    records meant for further processing.  Field lists may also be
    used as generic two-column table constructs in documents.

    </p>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="option-lists" class="backref">Option Lists</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#option-lists">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
        <p><samp>
-a            command-line option "a"
<br>-b file       options can have arguments
<br>              and long descriptions
<br>--long        options can be long also
<br>--input=file  long options can also have
<br>              arguments
<br>/V            DOS/VMS-style options too
</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        <table class="table" border="0" width="100%"><tbody valign="top">
<tr>
<td width="30%">
<samp>-a</samp>
            </td>
<td>command-line option "a"
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<samp>-b <i>file</i></samp>
            </td>
<td>options can have arguments and long descriptions
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<samp>--long</samp>
            </td>
<td>options can be long also
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<samp>--input=<i>file</i></samp>
            </td>
<td>long options can also have arguments
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<samp>/V</samp>
            </td>
<td>DOS/VMS-style options too
        </td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>There must be at least two spaces between the option and the
    description.

    </p>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="literal-blocks" class="backref">Literal Blocks</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#literal-blocks">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>A paragraph containing only two colons</samp>
<br><samp>indicates that the following indented</samp>
<br><samp>or quoted text is a literal block.</samp>
<br><br><samp>::</samp>
<br><br><samp>  Whitespace, newlines, blank lines, and</samp>
<br><samp>  all kinds of markup (like *this* or</samp>
<br><samp>  \this) is preserved by literal blocks.</samp>
<br><br><samp>  The paragraph containing only '::'</samp>
<br><samp>  will be omitted from the result.</samp>
<br><br><samp>The ``::`` may be tacked onto the very</samp>
<br><samp>end of any paragraph. The ``::`` will be</samp>
<br><samp>omitted if it is preceded by whitespace.</samp>
<br><samp>The ``::`` will be converted to a single</samp>
<br><samp>colon if preceded by text, like this::</samp>
<br><br><samp>  It's very convenient to use this form.</samp>
<br><br><samp>Literal blocks end when text returns to</samp>
<br><samp>the preceding paragraph's indentation.</samp>
<br><samp>This means that something like this</samp>
<br><samp>is possible::</samp>
<br><br><samp>      We start here</samp>
<br><samp>    and continue here</samp>
<br><samp>  and end here.</samp>
<br><br><samp>Per-line quoting can also be used on</samp>
<br><samp>unindented literal blocks::</samp>
<br><br><samp>&gt; Useful for quotes from email and</samp>
<br><samp>&gt; for Haskell literate programming.</samp>

    </td>
<td>
        <p>A paragraph containing only two colons
indicates that the following indented or quoted
text is a literal block.

        </p>
<pre>
Whitespace, newlines, blank lines, and
all kinds of markup (like *this* or
\this) is preserved by literal blocks.

The paragraph containing only '::'
will be omitted from the result.</pre>

        <p>The <samp>::</samp> may be tacked onto the very
end of any paragraph. The <samp>::</samp> will be
omitted if it is preceded by whitespace.
The <samp>::</samp> will be converted to a single
colon if preceded by text, like this:

        </p>
<pre>
It's very convenient to use this form.</pre>

        <p>Literal blocks end when text returns to
the preceding paragraph's indentation.
This means that something like this is possible:

        </p>
<pre>
    We start here
    and continue here
and end here.</pre>

        <p>Per-line quoting can also be used on
unindented literal blocks:

        </p>
<pre>
&gt; Useful for quotes from email and
&gt; for Haskell literate programming.</pre>
    </td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="line-blocks" class="backref">Line Blocks</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#line-blocks">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>| Line blocks are useful for addresses,</samp>
<br><samp>| verse, and adornment-free lists.</samp>
<br><samp>|</samp>
<br><samp>| Each new line begins with a</samp>
<br><samp>| vertical bar ("|").</samp>
<br><samp>|     Line breaks and initial indents</samp>
<br><samp>|     are preserved.</samp>
<br><samp>| Continuation lines are wrapped</samp>
<br><samp>  portions of long lines; they begin</samp>
<br><samp>  with spaces in place of vertical bars.</samp>

    </td>
<td>
        <div class="line-block">
        <div class="line">Line blocks are useful for addresses,</div>
        <div class="line">verse, and adornment-free lists.</div>
        <div class="line"><br></div>
        <div class="line">Each new line begins with a</div>
        <div class="line">vertical bar ("|").</div>
        <div class="line-block">
            <div class="line">Line breaks and initial indents</div>
            <div class="line">are preserved.</div>
        </div>
        <div class="line">Continuation lines are wrapped portions
            of long lines; they begin
            with spaces in place of vertical bars.</div>
        </div>
    </td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="block-quotes" class="backref">Block Quotes</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#block-quotes">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>Block quotes are just:</samp>

<p><samp>    Indented paragraphs,</samp>

</p>
<p><samp>        and they may nest.</samp>
    </p>
</td>
<td>
        Block quotes are just:
        <blockquote>
        <p>Indented paragraphs,
        </p>
<blockquote>
        <p>and they may nest.
        </p>
</blockquote>
        </blockquote>
    </td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>Use <a href="quickref.html#comments">empty comments</a> to separate indentation
    contexts, such as block quotes and directive contents.</p>

    <h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="doctest-blocks" class="backref">Doctest Blocks</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#doctest-blocks">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
        <p><samp>Doctest blocks are interactive
<br>Python sessions. They begin with
<br>"``&gt;&gt;&gt;``" and end with a blank line.</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>&gt;&gt;&gt; print "This is a doctest block."
<br>This is a doctest block.</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        <p>Doctest blocks are interactive
        Python sessions. They begin with
        "<samp>&gt;&gt;&gt;</samp>" and end with a blank line.

        </p>
<p><samp>&gt;&gt;&gt; print "This is a doctest block."
<br>This is a doctest block.</samp>
    </p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>"The <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/doctest.html">doctest</a>
    module searches a module's docstrings for text that looks like an
    interactive Python session, then executes all such sessions to
    verify they still work exactly as shown." (From the doctest docs.)

    </p>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="tables" class="backref">Tables</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#tables">details</a>)

    </p>
<p>There are two syntaxes for tables in reStructuredText.  Grid
    tables are complete but cumbersome to create.  Simple tables are
    easy to create but limited (no row spans, etc.).</p>

    <p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
<p><samp>Grid table:</samp></p>

<p><samp>+------------+------------+-----------+</samp>
<br><samp>| Header 1   | Header 2   | Header 3  |</samp>
<br><samp>+============+============+===========+</samp>
<br><samp>| body row 1 | column 2   | column 3  |</samp>
<br><samp>+------------+------------+-----------+</samp>
<br><samp>| body row 2 | Cells may span columns.|</samp>
<br><samp>+------------+------------+-----------+</samp>
<br><samp>| body row 3 | Cells may  | - Cells   |</samp>
<br><samp>+------------+ span rows. | - contain |</samp>
<br><samp>| body row 4 |            | - blocks. |</samp>
<br><samp>+------------+------------+-----------+</samp></p>
    </td>
<td>
        <p>Grid table:</p>
        <table class="table" border="1">
<thead valign="bottom"><tr>
<th>Header 1
            </th>
<th>Header 2
            </th>
<th>Header 3
            </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr>
<td>body row 1
            </td>
<td>column 2
            </td>
<td>column 3
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>body row 2
            </td>
<td colspan="2">Cells may span columns.
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>body row 3
            </td>
<td rowspan="2">Cells may<br>span rows.
            </td>
<td rowspan="2">
                <ul>
<li>Cells
                </li>
<li>contain
                </li>
<li>blocks.
                </li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>body row 4
            </td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
<p><samp>Simple table:</samp></p>

<p><samp>=====  =====  ======</samp>
<br><samp>   Inputs     Output</samp>
<br><samp>------------  ------</samp>
<br><samp>  A      B    A or B</samp>
<br><samp>=====  =====  ======</samp>
<br><samp>False  False  False</samp>
<br><samp>True   False  True</samp>
<br><samp>False  True   True</samp>
<br><samp>True   True   True</samp>
<br><samp>=====  =====  ======</samp></p>

    </td>
<td>
        <p>Simple table:</p>
        <table class="table" border="1">
<colgroup>
<col width="31%">
<col width="31%">
<col width="38%">
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Inputs
            </th>
<th>Output
            </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>A
            </th>
<th>B
            </th>
<th>A or B
        </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr>
<td>False
            </td>
<td>False
            </td>
<td>False
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>True
            </td>
<td>False
            </td>
<td>True
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>False
            </td>
<td>True
            </td>
<td>True
            </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>True
            </td>
<td>True
            </td>
<td>True
        </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="transitions" class="backref">Transitions</a></h3>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#transitions">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
        <p><samp>
A transition marker is a horizontal line
<br>of 4 or more repeated punctuation
<br>characters.</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>------------</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>A transition should not begin or end a
<br>section or document, nor should two
<br>transitions be immediately adjacent.</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        <p>A transition marker is a horizontal line
        of 4 or more repeated punctuation
        characters.</p>

        <hr>
<p>A transition should not begin or end a
        section or document, nor should two
        transitions be immediately adjacent.
    </p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>Transitions are commonly seen in novels and short fiction, as a
    gap spanning one or more lines, marking text divisions or
    signaling changes in subject, time, point of view, or emphasis.

    </p>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="explicit-markup" class="backref">Explicit Markup</a></h3>

    <p>Explicit markup blocks are used for constructs which float
    (footnotes), have no direct paper-document representation
    (hyperlink targets, comments), or require specialized processing
    (directives).  They all begin with two periods and whitespace, the
    "explicit markup start".

    </p>
<h4><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="footnotes" class="backref">Footnotes</a></h4>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#footnotes">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>Footnote references, like [5]_.</samp>
        <br><samp>Note that footnotes may get</samp>
        <br><samp>rearranged, e.g., to the bottom of</samp>
        <br><samp>the "page".</samp>

        <p><samp>.. [5] A numerical footnote. Note</samp>
        <br><samp>   there's no colon after the ``]``.</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        Footnote references, like <sup><a href="quickref.html#5">5</a></sup>.
        Note that footnotes may get rearranged, e.g., to the bottom of
        the "page".

        <p></p>
<table class="table">
<tr><td colspan="2">
<hr>
<!-- <tr><td colspan="2">Footnotes: -->
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="5"><strong>[5]</strong></a></td>
<td> A numerical footnote.
        Note there's no colon after the <samp>]</samp>.
        </td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>Autonumbered footnotes are</samp>
        <br><samp>possible, like using [#]_ and [#]_.</samp>
        <p><samp>.. [#] This is the first one.</samp>
        <br><samp>.. [#] This is the second one.</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>They may be assigned 'autonumber</samp>
        <br><samp>labels' - for instance,
        <br>[#fourth]_ and [#third]_.</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>.. [#third] a.k.a. third_</samp>
        </p>
<p><samp>.. [#fourth] a.k.a. fourth_</samp>
    </p>
</td>
<td>
        Autonumbered footnotes are possible, like using <sup><a href="quickref.html#auto1">1</a></sup> and <sup><a href="quickref.html#auto2">2</a></sup>.

        <p>They may be assigned 'autonumber labels' - for instance,
        <sup><a href="quickref.html#fourth">4</a></sup> and <sup><a href="quickref.html#third">3</a></sup>.

        </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table">
<tr><td colspan="2">
<hr>
<!-- <tr><td colspan="2">Footnotes: -->
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="auto1"><strong>[1]</strong></a></td>
<td> This is the first one.
        </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="auto2"><strong>[2]</strong></a></td>
<td> This is the second one.
        </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="third"><strong>[3]</strong></a></td>
<td> a.k.a. <a href="quickref.html#third">third</a>
        </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="fourth"><strong>[4]</strong></a></td>
<td> a.k.a. <a href="quickref.html#fourth">fourth</a>
        </td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>Auto-symbol footnotes are also</samp>
        <br><samp>possible, like this: [*]_ and [*]_.</samp>
        <p><samp>.. [*] This is the first one.</samp>
        <br><samp>.. [*] This is the second one.</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        Auto-symbol footnotes are also
        possible, like this: <sup><a href="quickref.html#symbol1">*</a></sup>
        and <sup><a href="quickref.html#symbol2">†</a></sup>.

        <p></p>
<table class="table">
<tr><td colspan="2">
<hr>
<!-- <tr><td colspan="2">Footnotes: -->
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="symbol1"><strong>[*]</strong></a></td>
<td> This is the first symbol footnote
        </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="symbol2"><strong>[†]</strong></a></td>
<td> This is the second one.
        </td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The numbering of auto-numbered footnotes is determined by the
    order of the footnotes, not of the references. For auto-numbered
    footnote references without autonumber labels
    ("<samp>[#]_</samp>"), the references and footnotes must be in the
    same relative order. Similarly for auto-symbol footnotes
    ("<samp>[*]_</samp>").

    </p>
<h4><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="citations" class="backref">Citations</a></h4>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#citations">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>Citation references, like [CIT2002]_.</samp>
        <br><samp>Note that citations may get</samp>
        <br><samp>rearranged, e.g., to the bottom of</samp>
        <br><samp>the "page".</samp>

        <p><samp>.. [CIT2002] A citation</samp>
        <br><samp>   (as often used in journals).</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>Citation labels contain alphanumerics,</samp>
        <br><samp>underlines, hyphens and fullstops.</samp>
        <br><samp>Case is not significant.</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>Given a citation like [this]_, one</samp>
        <br><samp>can also refer to it like this_.</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>.. [this] here.</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        Citation references, like <a href="quickref.html#cit2002">[CIT2002]</a>.
        Note that citations may get rearranged, e.g., to the bottom of
        the "page".

        <p>Citation labels contain alphanumerics, underlines, hyphens
        and fullstops.  Case is not significant.

        </p>
<p>Given a citation like <a href="quickref.html#this">[this]</a>, one
        can also refer to it like <a href="quickref.html#this">this</a>.

        </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table">
<tr><td colspan="2">
<hr>
<!-- <tr><td colspan="2">Citations: -->
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="cit2002"><strong>[CIT2002]</strong></a></td>
<td> A citation
        (as often used in journals).
        </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="this"><strong>[this]</strong></a></td>
<td> here.
        </td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h4><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="hyperlink-targets" class="backref">Hyperlink Targets</a></h4>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#hyperlink-targets">details</a>)

    </p>
<h5><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="external-hyperlink-targets" class="backref">External Hyperlink Targets</a></h5>

    <p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td rowspan="2">
        <samp>External hyperlinks, like Python_.</samp>

        <p><samp>.. _Python: https://www.python.org/</samp>
    </p>
</td>
<td>
        <table class="table" width="100%">
<tr bgcolor="#99CCFF"><td>
<em>Fold-in form</em>
        </td></tr>
<tr><td>External hyperlinks, like
        <a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a>.
        </td></tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
        <table class="table" width="100%">
<tr bgcolor="#99CCFF"><td>
<em>Call-out form</em>
        </td></tr>
<tr><td>External hyperlinks, like
        <a href="quickref.html#labPython"><i>Python</i></a>.

        <p></p>
<table class="table">
<tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td></tr>
<tr>
<td>
<a name="labPython"><i>Python:</i></a>
            </td>
<td> <a href="https://www.python.org/">https://www.python.org/</a>
        </td>
</tr>
</table>
</td></tr>
</table>
</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>"<em>Fold-in</em>" is the representation typically used in HTML
    documents (think of the indirect hyperlink being "folded in" like
    ingredients into a cake), and "<em>call-out</em>" is more suitable for
    printed documents, where the link needs to be presented explicitly, for
    example as a footnote.  You can force usage of the call-out form by
    using the
    "<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/directives.html#target-notes">target-notes</a>"
    directive.

    </p>
<p>reStructuredText also provides for <b>embedded URIs</b> (<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#embedded-uris-and-aliases">details</a>),
    a convenience at the expense of readability.  A hyperlink
    reference may directly embed a target URI inline, within angle
    brackets.  The following is exactly equivalent to the example above:

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td rowspan="2">
        <samp>External hyperlinks, like `Python
<br>&lt;https://www.python.org/&gt;`_.</samp>
    </td>
<td>External hyperlinks, like
        <a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a>.
    </td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h5><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="internal-hyperlink-targets" class="backref">Internal Hyperlink Targets</a></h5>

    <p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td rowspan="2">
<samp>Internal crossreferences, like example_.</samp>

        <p><samp>.. _example:</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>This is an example crossreference target.</samp>
    </p>
</td>
<td>
        <table class="table" width="100%">
<tr bgcolor="#99CCFF"><td>
<em>Fold-in form</em>
        <!-- Note that some browsers may not like an "a" tag that -->
        <!-- does not have any content, so we could arbitrarily   -->
        <!-- use the first word as content - *or* just trust to   -->
        <!-- luck!                                                -->
        </td></tr>
<tr><td>Internal crossreferences, like <a href="quickref.html#example-foldin">example</a>
        <p><a name="example-foldin">This</a> is an example
            crossreference target.
        </p>
</td></tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
        <table class="table" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<em>Call-out form</em>
        </td></tr>
<tr><td>Internal crossreferences, like <a href="quickref.html#example-callout">example</a>

        <p><a name="example-callout"><i>example:</i></a>
            <br>This is an example crossreference target.
        </p>
</td></tr>
</table>
</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="indirect-hyperlink-targets" class="backref">Indirect Hyperlink Targets</a></h5>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#indirect-hyperlink-targets">details</a>)

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>Python_ is `my favourite
<br>programming language`__.</samp>

        <p><samp>.. _Python: https://www.python.org/</samp>

        </p>
<p><samp>__ Python_</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        <p><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> is
        <a href="https://www.python.org/">my favourite
        programming language</a>.

    </p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>The second hyperlink target (the line beginning with
    "<samp>__</samp>") is both an indirect hyperlink target
    (<i>indirectly</i> pointing at the Python website via the
    "<samp>Python_</samp>" reference) and an <b>anonymous hyperlink
    target</b>. In the text, a double-underscore suffix is used to
    indicate an <b>anonymous hyperlink reference</b>.  In an anonymous
    hyperlink target, the reference text is not repeated.  This is
    useful for references with long text or throw-away references, but
    the target should be kept close to the reference to prevent them
    going out of sync.

    </p>
<h5><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="implicit-hyperlink-targets" class="backref">Implicit Hyperlink Targets</a></h5>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#implicit-hyperlink-targets">details</a>)

    </p>
<p>Section titles, footnotes, and citations automatically generate
    hyperlink targets (the title text or footnote/citation label is
    used as the hyperlink name).

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>Titles are targets, too</samp>
        <br><samp>=======================</samp>
        <br><samp>Implicit references, like `Titles are</samp>
        <br><samp>targets, too`_.</samp>
    </td>
<td>
        <font size="+2"><strong><a name="title">Titles are targets, too</a></strong></font>
        <p>Implicit references, like <a href="quickref.html#title">Titles are
        targets, too</a>.
    </p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h4><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="directives" class="backref">Directives</a></h4>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#directives">details</a>)

    </p>
<p>Directives are a general-purpose extension mechanism, a way of
    adding support for new constructs without adding new syntax.  For
    a description of all standard directives, see <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/directives.html">reStructuredText
    Directives</a>.

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>For instance:</samp>

        <p><samp>.. image:: images/nikola.png</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>
        For instance:
        <p><img src="../images/nikola.png" alt="ball1"></p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h4><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="substitution-references-and-definitions" class="backref">Substitution References and Definitions</a></h4>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#substitution-definitions">details</a>)

    </p>
<p>Substitutions are like inline directives, allowing graphics and
    arbitrary constructs within text.

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>
The |Nikola| static site generator
is named after Nikola Tesla.</samp>

        <p><samp>
.. |Nikola| image:: nikola.png</samp>

    </p>
</td>
<td>

        <p>The <img src="../images/nikola.png" align="bottom" alt="Nikola"> static
        site generator is named after Nikola Tesla.

    </p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<h4><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="comments" class="backref">Comments</a></h4>

    <p>(<a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#comments">details</a>)

    </p>
<p>Any text which begins with an explicit markup start but doesn't
    use the syntax of any of the constructs above, is a comment.

    </p>
<p></p>
<table class="table" border="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffcc" cellpadding="3">
<thead><tr align="left" bgcolor="#99CCFF">
<th width="50%">Plain text
    </th>
<th width="50%">Typical result
    </th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
<samp>.. This text will not be shown</samp>
        <br><samp>   (but, for instance, in HTML might be</samp>
        <br><samp>   rendered as an HTML comment)</samp>

    </td>
<td> 
        <!-- This text will not be shown         -->
        <!-- (but, for instance in HTML might be -->
        <!-- rendered as an HTML comment)        -->

    </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
        <samp>An "empty comment" does not</samp>
        <br><samp>consume following blocks.</samp>
        <br><samp>(An empty comment is ".." with</samp>
        <br><samp>blank lines before and after.)</samp>
        <p><samp>..</samp>
        </p>
<p><samp>        So this block is not "lost",</samp>
        <br><samp>        despite its indentation.</samp>
    </p>
</td>
<td>
        An "empty comment" does not
        consume following blocks.
        (An empty comment is ".." with
        blank lines before and after.)
        <blockquote>
        So this block is not "lost",
        despite its indentation.
        </blockquote>
    </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a href="quickref.html#contents" name="getting-help" class="backref">Getting Help</a></h3>

    <p>Users who have questions or need assistance with Docutils or
    reStructuredText should <a href="mailto:docutils-users@lists.sourceforge.net">post a
    message</a> to the <a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/docutils/lists/docutils-users">Docutils-Users mailing list</a>.  The <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/">Docutils project web
    site</a> has more information.

    </p>
<p></p>
<hr>
<address>
    <p>Authors:
    <a href="https://www.tibsnjoan.co.uk/">Tibs</a>
    (<a href="mailto:tibs@tibsnjoan.co.uk"><tt>tibs@tibsnjoan.co.uk</tt></a>)
    and David Goodger
    (<a href="mailto:goodger@python.org">goodger@python.org</a>)
    </p>
</address>
    <!-- Created: Fri Aug 03 09:11:57 GMT Daylight Time 2001 -->
    </div>
    

</article>
</div>
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                <div class="sidebar-module sidebar-module-inset">
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  <div id="shoutcastdiv">
    <script type="text/javascript">
      refreshdiv();
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</div>
</div>
<div class="sidebar-module">
  <h4>Links</h4>
  <ol class="list-unstyled">
<li><a href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/">Bootstrap Blog Theme</a></li>
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    <li><a href="https://twitter.com/mdo">@mdo</a></li>
    <li><a href="https://twitter.com/Kwpolska">@Kwpolska</a></li>
    <li><a href="https://twitter.com/GetNikola">@GetNikola</a></li>
  </ol>
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